Sending, receiving, and organizing email in Outlook.com
For a small club sending to 195 opted-in members, the most likely causes are:
- The account was restricted for suspected spam or exceeded outbound sending limits
- If sending is blocked for all recipients, check whether the sender appears on the Restricted entities page in the Microsoft Defender portal:
https://security.microsoft.com/restrictedusers. - A blocked sender commonly gets an NDR with 5.1.8 (
bad outbound sender). - Before unblocking, review whether the account was compromised:
- Check sign-in activity for suspicious access.
- Check for unknown inbox rules or forwarding rules.
- Review recent sent items.
- If the account was compromised, change the password and enable MFA before removing the restriction.
- If sending is blocked for all recipients, check whether the sender appears on the Restricted entities page in the Microsoft Defender portal:
- The messages are being classified as spam because of authentication or sender reputation
- Verify that SPF, DKIM, and DMARC are correctly configured for the sending domain.
- Verify the sending IP has a valid reverse DNS (PTR) record.
- If mail is sent through a third-party filtering service before Microsoft 365, configure Enhanced Filtering for Connectors so the original source IP is preserved.
- The message content is triggering spam filtering
- Test with a very simple plain-text message.
- Remove anything that commonly triggers filtering, such as:
- excessive links
- URL shorteners
- embedded scripts
- image-only content
- attachments or repeated promotional text
- If simple plain-text messages send successfully, add content back gradually to identify the trigger.
- A policy or block list is overriding delivery
- In the Exchange admin center, review Mail flow rules.
- Check the applicable anti-spam policy for blocked senders or domains.
- If messages are reaching recipients but landing in Junk, ask recipients to check their Blocked Senders list and submit false positives to Microsoft.
- If the issue is only with messages sent to Microsoft 365 recipients from an external sender IP
- Check the NDR for 5.7.606-649 (
banned sending IP). - If that code appears, use the delist portal at
https://sender.office.com/.
- Check the NDR for 5.7.606-649 (
A practical order to troubleshoot is:
- Send a plain-text test message to one member and review the exact NDR code.
- If the NDR is 5.1.8, check Restricted entities and investigate compromise.
- If mail is delivered to Junk instead of blocked, inspect message headers and run Message trace in Exchange admin center > Mail flow > Message trace.
- Verify SPF/DKIM/DMARC for the club domain.
- Review mail flow rules and anti-spam policy overrides.
If the sender is using Outlook.com as an end-user account and outbound spam protection is blocking sending, only an admin can review and resolve those issues in a managed Microsoft 365 organization.
- Troubleshoot outbound sending limits and blocked users in Exchange Online
- Frequently asked questions - Anti-spam protection
- External senders - Troubleshoot email sent to Microsoft 365
- Email non-delivery reports and SMTP errors in Exchange Online
- External senders - Use the delist portal to remove yourself from the blocked senders list and address 5.7.511 Access denied errors
- Outbound spam protection for cloud mailboxes
- emails undeliverable - Microsoft Q&A