Sending, receiving, and organizing email in Outlook.com
To help narrow down the cause, could you please clarify a few things? Does this happen with every Gmail recipient, including people you've emailed before, or only certain recipients? Are you sending from an @outlook.com, @hotmail.com? Has this always happened, or did your emails previously reach Gmail inboxes normally?
Gmail often displays a warning at the top of messages in the Spam folder explaining why they were flagged. If possible, ask one affected recipient to open your message and check whether such a warning appears. Sharing its exact wording could help identify whether this is an authentication, sender reputation, or recipient-specific filtering issue.