You're doing this for free? I'm just curious, since the way the support pages are set up makes it impossible for me to contact any other support. You should be paid, because they are pushing issues here that should be dealt with elsewhere.
Anyway. Yes, the task scheduler works, and there are various conditions for the scans and so on there.
The problem here was that the triggers and conditions for the windows defender scans in the task scheduler weren't obeyed. Had they been, the scan would have ran outside of active hours and when plugged in. Instead, whatever rule this scan obeyed is not in the task scheduler, and has nothing to do with the "scheduled scan" task. Disabling these has no impact on whether the scan is ran, or whether it stops once it's been triggered.
Instead, it comes from this: KB2267602. It's a specific definition and signature update, and then a scan. And it runs with the system-privileges. This is routinely done, and it is for example the origin of the widely known "feature" with updates that happen to reboot the computer in the middle of the work-day, for example.
So in this case, what I got was a task that happily draws as much as the cpu-package can manage to pull, even while on battery. And that stops, intermittently, based on some settings that are not transparent to me on the Home-edition. I can't track the progress, I can't actually let the thing run dedicated to complete the scan. And I don't know if the reason why it had been postponed was that my user-account was locking certain files, for example. My mere admin user level cannot see what this routine is doing. I don't have any event in the log, I can only see these various driver failures popping up over time as the files are crunched. One of them appeared while on the login screen, I'm assuming because some file was not accessed while on the login screen.
I'm sure you understand that I cannot do anything with this by switching around the settings in the task scheduler. I thought I could get around it by making updates in my group-policy locally to make sure updates don't restart the computer during work-hours. There is, I'm assuming from the nagging of an infinite amount of users, an actual flag for this now, new since about August this year.
But this script-command launched with elevated privileges will not obey that. That's the problem. It launches the mpcmdrun.exe locally (and may or may not obey exclusions because of that, and so fail to complete). But it launches it with another user account(system) that I can't limit or specify, with preferences that are not accessible.
And you can't avoid this pre-emptively by forcing windows update to not run during work hours - because these security updates are pushed anyway(you could also pause update, but it will come in eventually). And even if you could stop the updates that are downloaded from installing during active hours, they would still install eventually - and now you have the same issue as before: the task is going stay with you and run the whole workday the day after.
If your VIP status is worth any pull with any level of Microsoft's update deployment, you need to tell them to stop doing this. This is specially relevant for the "definition updates", and it is relevant for the updates that require restarts. Because you risk having the computer restart in the middle of work, for one. I know that group policies for your organisation can be set here. But for me, with no other group policy, who run updates from the official channel only, I will get these regardless of settings elsewhere. It might burn the battery (and there is no negotiating with this process - you don't have access to even inspect it) when you require it. It might cause damage by toasting the laptop (this is like running prime95 for hours, way above intense compilation runs or rendering). It causes file-locks and lag for no reason. It causes all kinds of invalidation of files and drivers in this case. And of course, Windows just helps itself to processing power and battery I might need as a user.
Note that it would do this, even if I had a 3rd party virus checker installed. Because these are specific Windows Defender routines that will run anyway. Because: the windows defender is not the problem (for a certain value of that word). The exclusive system-account run of a script ran through windows update deployment is.
I have kind of lost track of how many times I've reported this now.
And I'm sure you sort of understand that I can't really guess myself through writing some registry switch settings that may work, if I inject them to the system user. And I likely wouldn't be allowed to change these anyway. And I really can't buy my own enterprise edition, so I can select which updates from my system-admin account I want to push to my user-account on the same laptop.
This use of system account launches of these scans, as well as the deployment of forced updates with reboots, has to change. Whoever is writing these and deploying them need to find another way. Such as creating tasks for the user-account, and then obeying local policies. Which otherwise, to reiterate, can be set in any amount of different ways, but have no impact on whether the Windows update runs are started or not.
There's no other way to solve this. I cannot do something to hack my way around it, I cannot circumvent it, even by stopping windows updates entirely (sooner or later, I will run feature updates. It might only be after a clean install, but it will still happen).
So it has to be done at the deployment level.