The correct fix depends on whether Excel is closing/crashing or remaining open but repeatedly signing you out—use the matching section below.
If Excel closes or crashes every few minutes
- Test Excel in Safe Mode
- Press Windows key + R.
- Enter
excel /safe and select OK.
- Open a workbook and use it for longer than three minutes.
Safe Mode bypasses Excel and COM add-ins, startup folders, and some customized settings.^1^
- If Excel stays open in Safe Mode, disable its COM add-ins
- Go to File > Options > Add-ins.
- At the bottom, select COM Add-ins under Manage, then select Go.
- Clear every checkbox and restart Excel normally.
- If that resolves the issue, enable add-ins one at a time, restarting Excel after each one, until the problem returns. Leave the responsible add-in disabled.^1^
- If only one workbook causes the problem
- Go to File > Open > Browse.
- Select—but do not double-click—the workbook.
- Select the arrow beside Open, then choose Open and Repair.
- If prompted, try Repair first. A damaged or incorrectly generated workbook can affect Excel independently of the Office installation.^2^
- If Safe Mode also crashes, update Excel
- Open Excel and select File > Account > Update Options > Update Now.
- Restart Windows after the update completes.
- Repair Office if updating does not help
- Close all Office applications.
- Windows 11: Right-click Start > Installed apps.
- Windows 10: Right-click Start > Apps and Features.
- Find Microsoft 365 or Office, select … > Modify.
- Select Online Repair > Repair. This repairs the whole Office suite, not only Excel.^3^
- Restart the PC and retest Excel.
On Windows 10 or later, the Excel check troubleshooter is another option for startup, hanging, and crashing problems.^4^ Before running it, back up the registry and files in Excel’s startup folders: the tool can modify registry entries and move startup files.^1^
If Excel remains open but signs you out or says “Unlicensed Product”
- Open File > Account and sign in with the Microsoft account used to purchase Microsoft 365.
- Check whether Unlicensed Product or Non-commercial use / Unlicensed Product appears in Excel’s title bar.
- In Control Panel > Programs > Programs and Features, search for “Office.” If multiple Office versions are installed, uninstall the versions you do not use and restart Windows.
- Check that the associated Microsoft 365 subscription is active.
- If activation still fails, run the Microsoft 365 activation troubleshooter on the affected PC. It requires Windows 10 or later.^5^
If none of these paths resolves it, note the exact message displayed and whether the problem affects all workbooks or only one; that distinction determines the next diagnostic step.
References
- Excel not responding, hangs, freezes or stops working
- Excel fails to respond - Microsoft Q&A
- Repair an Office application
- Microsoft 365 troubleshooters | Microsoft Support
- Unlicensed Product and activation errors in Office | Microsoft Support