Hi Cap_Romchik,
Because another Exchange account works on the same iPhone, while this account remains at“Downloading messages” with empty folders, the iOS update and reverse proxy are less likely to be the main cause. This points more strongly to the affected mailbox’s Exchange ActiveSync partnership, mailbox policy, or synchronization state. An HTTP 200 from the reverse proxy only confirms that the request reached a server. It does not confirm that the ActiveSync response contained a successful synchronization result.
I wish we could inspect the mailbox and ActiveSync logs directly, but the following checks must be performed by the Exchange administrator.
1.Confirm the server copy of the email
Sign in to Outlook on the web with the affected account and verify that the folders and messages are visible there. Also confirm that the folders shown in desktop Outlook are under the Exchange mailbox, not under:
- Archive Folders
- On My Computer
- A local
.pst file
- A separate shared mailbox
Local Outlook folders do not synchronize to the iPhone. If the same messages appear in Outlook on the web, continue with the server-side checks.
2. Check the iPhone synchronization range
On the iPhone, go to:
Settings > Apps > Mail > Mail Accounts > Exchange account > Mail Days to Sync
Temporarily select 1 Month rather than No Limit, then reopen Mail. Apple notes that large Exchange mailboxes can take considerably longer to synchronize, and limiting the initial mail range can help.
Also make sure Mail is enabled under the account. If this account is deployed through Microsoft Intune, check the Exchange ActiveSync configuration profile’s Past days of mail to sync value as well.
3. Remove the existing device partnership
Deleting and reinstalling the iPhone Mail app does not necessarily remove the device partnership stored in Exchange. Have your exchange administrator remove the affected iPhone partnership so Exchange creates a fresh one. Microsoft specifically recommends Remove-MobileDevice for partnerships that no longer synchronize successfully.
For example:
Get-MobileDevice -Mailbox ******@contoso.com | Format-Table Identity,DeviceType,DeviceModel,DeviceOS,DeviceAccessState
Get-MobileDeviceStatistics -Mailbox ******@contoso.com | Format-List Identity,DeviceID,DeviceType,DeviceOS,LastSuccessSync,LastSyncAttemptTime,DeviceAccessState,DeviceAccessStateReason
Identify the current iPhone carefully, then remove only that partnership:
Remove-MobileDevice -Identity "<device identity>" -Confirm:$false
After removal:
- Delete the Exchange account from Settings > Apps > Mail > Mail Accounts.
- Restart the iPhone.
- Add it again using Add Account > Microsoft Exchange > Sign In.
- Complete the modern-authentication prompt.
- Initially synchronize only one month of mail.
For reference: Remove-MobileDevice (ExchangePowerShell) | Microsoft Learn
4.Have your exchange adminstrator compare with a working account:
Get-CASMailbox ******@contoso.com | Format-List ActiveSyncEnabled, ActiveSyncMailboxPolicy,ActiveSyncAllowedDeviceIDs,ActiveSyncBlockedDeviceIDs
Confirm that:
-
ActiveSyncEnabled is True.
- The affected and working users have the expected ActiveSync policy.
- The current iPhone is not in
ActiveSyncBlockedDeviceIDs.
- The device is not quarantined or subject to a restrictive device-access rule.
Exchange administrators can allow or block a specific device for a specific user, even when ActiveSync is generally enabled.