I couldn’t find any public reports of this specific Miracast duplicate-mode problem with KB5127648, so I can’t tell you whether anyone else is seeing it. The update was released October 13 for 24H2, 25H2 and 26H2. Microsoft’s listed known issues are Smart App Control, Remote Desktop with Administrator protection, and USB Audio Class 1.0, and none of them involve Miracast or display resolution. The other reported problems are unrelated: 802.1X/PEAP Wi-Fi authentication failures and install errors such as 0x800f0845. Since you’ve confirmed that removing the KB fixes it across 25H2 and 26H2, you’ve probably found a real regression that hasn’t been written up yet.
File a Feedback Hub report under Devices and Drivers > Projecting to a PC / Wireless Display.
Try one Teams Room, one ScreenBeam and one Microsoft Wireless Display Adapter against the same laptop, and one affected laptop against several receivers. If every receiver is affected, it points to the Windows Miracast or graphics stack. If only some are, it’s probably how the sink negotiates a mode.
On the same OS build, compare machines with different GPUs (Intel, AMD, NVIDIA). Miracast duplicate mode depends on the WDDM driver, so a driver-specific pattern would be a useful detail to include in your report.
A result like 1139×918 isn’t a standard mode. It looks like scaling or a mismatched aspect ratio being applied to the encoded stream, so check whether the sender’s display scaling (100%, 125%, 150%) changes the result.
Use Windows Update for Business deferral, or WSUS or Intune declines for this KB, until you have a fix. For machines already patched, uninstalling the LCU with wusa /uninstall /kb:5127648 works, but a combined SSU+LCU package may not allow it. In that case use DISM /Online /Remove-Package with the package name. Weigh this against the update fixing an actively exploited CVE, so limit the hold to the devices that actually do wireless presenting.
Extend mode with the resolution corrected is workable for meeting rooms. You could also use “Second screen only” if you only need the room display.