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Thank you for taking the time to share such detailed information. Especially, for documenting the before-and-after testing
The behavior you described, where RDP session shadowing fails with KB5126868 installed and starts working again after the update is removed, is valuable troubleshooting information and suggests a possible update-related regression in your environment.
However, based on the currently published Microsoft information, RDP session shadowing is not listed as a known issue for KB5126868. The Windows Server 2016 release health page currently documents a separate issue associated with KB5126868 affecting Exchange Server.
An RDS issue affecting Windows Server 2016 after the September 2026 security update KB5123099 and that issue could cause RDS instability, RDP connection and sign-in failures, servers to become unresponsive during Remote Desktop configuration, and related management tools to stop responding.
That earlier issue was resolved with the out-of-band update KB5129239 and later cumulative updates. However, the symptoms documented by Microsoft are different from the RDP session shadowing issue you are currently experiencing with KB5126868.
At this time, the available public documentation does not provide a shadowing-specific workaround, Known Issue Rollback (KIR), corrective update, or public tracking reference for this particular symptom.
I understand that uninstalling KB5126868 has restored shadowing in your testing.
However, since this is a security update, I would consider removal only a temporary workaround while the issue is being investigated, rather than a permanent servicing solution.
Because you have a reproducible scenario, I recommend opening a Microsoft Support for Business case for further investigation. It is a recommendation to contact Microsoft Support when an RDS issue continues after the applicable corrective updates have been installed.
A support case will allow the appropriate support team to review the diagnostic information from the affected environment and determine whether this represents a new servicing regression.
For now, I think it is appropriate to describe this as a possible KB5126868-related regression based on your testing, but the currently available public documentation is not sufficient to say that Microsoft has officially confirmed the root cause.
I realize this may not be the immediate fix you were hoping for, especially since your testing shows such a clear correlation with the update.
However, Microsoft Q&A is a public community forum, so I need to rely on information that has been officially published through Microsoft documentation and supported channels.
I don't have visibility into internal engineering investigations or unpublished issue-tracking information. If Microsoft confirms this as a known issue, the Windows release health page and the corresponding update documentation would be the appropriate places to monitor for an official mitigation or resolution.
References:
Windows 10, version 1607 and Windows Server 2016 known issues and notifications | Microsoft Learn
Windows Server 2025 known issues and notifications | Microsoft Learn
Windows Server 2022 known issues and notifications | Microsoft Learn
Windows 10, version 1809 and Windows Server 2019 known issues and notifications | Microsoft Learn
Resolved issues in Windows Server 2025 | Microsoft Learn
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