I would first verify the effective Message Tracking configuration on both Exchange servers and compare the values side by side.
For example:
Get-TransportService | fl Name,MessageTrackingLogPath,MessageTrackingLogMaxAge,MessageTrackingLogMaxDirectorySize,MessageTrackingLogMaxFileSize
In a multi-server environment, I would also review the other transport log paths to make sure the logging configuration is consistent across the Exchange servers.
I recently published ExchangeLogPathManager.ps1 on GitHub for this purpose. The script can review supported transport log paths across multiple Exchange servers, compare source and target servers, preview proposed changes, apply supported path changes, and verify the resulting configuration.
GitHub repository:
https://github.com/Ceyhun-Kirmizitas/ExchangeLogPathManager.ps1
Detailed article and usage examples:
https://ceyhunkirmizitas.net/manage-exchange-server-transport-log-paths/