Run DISM and System File Checker from an elevated Command Prompt opened through Task Manager, because restarting Windows Explorer and the computer has already failed.
1. Repair Windows system components
- Press Ctrl+Shift+Esc to open Task Manager.
- Select Run new task. If necessary, first select More details, then File > Run new task.
- Enter
cmd. - Check Create this task with administrative privileges, then select OK.
- Run these commands in order:
DISM.exe /Online /Cleanup-Image /RestoreHealth
sfc /scannow
Let each command finish completely, even if DISM appears paused. DISM repairs the Windows component store; SFC then checks and repairs protected system files.^1^
Restart afterward from Task Manager by selecting Run new task, entering the following, and selecting OK:
shutdown /r /t 0
2. If the shell still does not work, use Windows Recovery
Back up important files first if possible. If device encryption or BitLocker is enabled, have the recovery key available.
- Press Ctrl+Alt+Delete.
- On that screen, hold Shift, select the Power icon, and choose Restart.
- In Windows Recovery Environment, try these options in this order:
- Troubleshoot > Advanced options > Uninstall Updates — use this if the problem began immediately after a Windows update.
- Troubleshoot > Advanced options > System Restore — select a restore point from before the problem began. System Restore rolls back system files, settings, drivers, and installed programs without affecting personal files.^2^
If the security screen or its Power button is also unresponsive, Windows RE can be forced:
- Turn on the PC.
- When the Windows or manufacturer logo appears, hold the physical power button until it shuts down.
- Repeat once.
- Start it a third time; Windows should display Automatic Repair.
- Select Advanced options.^3^
3. If recovery does not fix it, perform an in-place repair
This reinstalls Windows while preserving personal files, installed applications, and settings.
- Back up important data.
- Download or create Windows 11 installation media.
- Open File Explorer with Ctrl+Shift+Esc > Run new task, enter
explorer.exe, and select OK. - Open the installation-media drive and run
setup.exefrom inside the current Windows session. Do not boot from the USB for this repair. - Select Change what to keep > Keep personal files and apps.
- Select Install.^4^
Confirm that Keep personal files and apps is selected before proceeding. A clean installation instead removes files, applications, and settings.
Avoid Reset this PC until these options have failed: even its “Keep my files” choice removes installed applications and settings.^5^
References