Update: the October 2026 cumulative update fixed it for me.
I installed KB5127648 (build 26200.9711, released 13 October 2026) through Windows Update on 14 October. Nothing else changed: same Goodix driver, Enhanced Sign-in Security still on, Fast Startup off.
Time from OS start to the Goodix sensor being ready (Biometrics event 1108):
- Build 26200.9550 (KB5124010), last two cold boots: 89 s and 86 s, 6 failures each (event 1109)
- Build 26200.9711 (KB5127648), cold boot: 19 s, no failures. Fingerprint sign-in worked straight away at the sign-in screen.
The Biometric Service now starts the secure component once (a single event 1601) instead of retrying for about 85 seconds.
Pureinfotech's summary of the update lists "Windows Hello: Fixes an issue that could prevent fingerprint sign-in after a cold boot on some devices", which matches this problem.
If you have a Goodix fingerprint sensor and are still on build 26200.9550, install KB5127648 from Windows Update (Settings > Windows Update > Check for updates) instead of uninstalling KB5124010.